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Effect of Educational Intervention on Oxygen Therapy Knowledge and Prescription Practices in an Inpatient Community Hospital: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Adebola Oluwabusayo Adetiloye,
Farhana Alladin,
Abida Naz,
Kuldeep Ghosh,
Olurotimi Badero,
Oladapo Adewuya,
Armeen Poor
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
30-37
Received:
23 March 2023
Accepted:
2 May 2023
Published:
6 July 2023
Abstract: Administering oxygen therapy is an essential part of managing and preventing hypoxemia in both acute and chronic conditions. It is important to note that administering excessive oxygen can also be harmful, particularly in patients with certain respiratory conditions. Therefore, oxygen therapy should always be prescribed and monitored by a healthcare professional. The aim of this quality improvement initiative is to determine the outcome of Education on Knowledge and practice of Oxygen therapy after 8 weeks of intervention. This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Metropolitan hospital center, New York, across the medical wards and intensive care unit (ICU) over a period of 12 weeks. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and practice related to oxygen therapy among resident doctors and nurses. Data from electronic prescribing record of all patients who received oxygen therapy over a period of 2 weeks was collected. After 8 weeks of education, questionnaires were distributed again to assess knowledge and practice of oxygen prescription. Data was also collected again from electronic prescribing record of all patients who required supplemental oxygen over a period of 2 weeks. Thirty-two resident doctors participated in this study pre and post educational intervention, while 9 nursing staff participated in the pre intervention phase. Knowledge of respiratory physiology was good (>80%) among resident doctors and nurses. On the average, knowledge of indications for oxygen supplementation was poor (55.5%) pre intervention and moderate (71.1%) post intervention. There was a statistically significant improvement (p value <0.0001) on the erroneous concept of oxygen as a treatment of breathlessness without hypoxia from preintervention (21.9%) to post intervention (75.0%). On the average, knowledge of the conditions in which oxygen saturation of >92% should be avoided was poor among resident doctors (57.3%) and nurses (40.8%) with some improvement post intervention (61%). Objectively, 56.5% of charts had documented oxygen prescription with significant improvement in documentation post intervention to 100% (p 0.0002). Documentation of target saturation in patients chart improved from 21.7% pre intervention to 48.0% post intervention although not statistically significant (0.059). About two-thirds of study participants (63.4%) have not received any training on oxygen supplementation in acute care setting within the past year. We concluded that knowledge of oxygen therapy and practice of oxygen therapy prescription and administration in our healthcare setting is suboptimal. Education improved prescription of supplemental oxygen in patients charts along with inclusion of target saturation.
Abstract: Administering oxygen therapy is an essential part of managing and preventing hypoxemia in both acute and chronic conditions. It is important to note that administering excessive oxygen can also be harmful, particularly in patients with certain respiratory conditions. Therefore, oxygen therapy should always be prescribed and monitored by a healthcar...
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Epidemiology and Diagnostic Methods of Foot-and-Mouth Disease: A Review
Betelihem Yirdaw,
Dessie Abera
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
38-46
Received:
24 April 2023
Accepted:
5 July 2023
Published:
13 July 2023
Abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a viral disease that primarily affects animals with cloven hooves. It is a highly contagious disease and difficult to control due to its complex epidemiological nature and poor diagnostic facilities. Thus, this paper aimed to review the epidemiology of FMD, and its economic impact on farmers, discuss the available diagnostic, and prevention and control methods that can be practiced. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the causative agent of FMD, and it is a single-stranded RNA virus with a positive sense that belongs to the genus Aphthovirus and the family Picornaviridae. The virus has seven serologically and genetically distinct serotypes, namely O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3, as well as over 60 subtypes. The virus is inactivated by heat, UV radiation, pH levels below 6.5 or above 9, gamma irradiation, chemicals, and disinfectants, but it is almost indefinitely stable at temperatures below freezing point. The tongue, dental pad, gums, cheek, hard and soft palates, lips, nostrils, muzzle, interdigital space (between the hooves), and a coronary band of affected animals develop vesicular lesions. Viruses can be spread orally or via the respiratory tract. FMD is diagnosed based on clinical signs, and using epidemiological methods and laboratory techniques. FMD causes severe economic losses as a result of high morbidity associated with outbreak occurrences, limiting the introduction of improved production technologies in the area, restrictions on international trade, and costs associated with the application of control measures. Some of the control and prevention methods for FMD are vaccination, animal movement control, physical separation from wildlife, and symptomatic treatment. But due to its complex epidemiological nature, limited diagnostic capabilities, and no cross-immunity between strains, FMD was difficult to control. Therefore, awareness creation among animal owners about the disease, and possible prevention and control methods that can be practiced is required. And also, research in the development of a multivalent and protective vaccine is recommended.
Abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a viral disease that primarily affects animals with cloven hooves. It is a highly contagious disease and difficult to control due to its complex epidemiological nature and poor diagnostic facilities. Thus, this paper aimed to review the epidemiology of FMD, and its economic impact on farmers, discuss the available di...
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The Effectiveness of Three-Dimensional Planning and Augmented Reality Navigation-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Huiyang Kong,
Shuyi Wang,
Hua Xing
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
47-55
Received:
22 June 2023
Accepted:
6 July 2023
Published:
13 July 2023
Abstract: Background: Three-Dimensional (3D) Planning and Augmented reality (AR) navigation technology for various types of surgery has become common practice in the operating room. This study set out to examine the accuracy and safety of AR navigation assisted technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) compared to conventional technique. Methods: Our search was performed in the following online databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CNKI (published between Jan 1, 2010, and Jan 1, 2023; no language restrictions). The study quality was independently evaluated by the consensus of two independent reviewers, and all statistical analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, Texas, USA). The primary outcomes extracted from articles that met the selection criteria were expressed as odds ratios for dichotomous outcomes with a 95% confidence interval. Data regarding the first author, publication year, country, patient numbers, age, sex, and BMI of patients, study type, and other outcomes of interest were reported. Results: Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one retrospective comparative study (RCS) involving 422 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that THA using 3D navigation assisted technology had shorter surgical time, higher accuracy of surgery, lower intraoperative blood loss, and fewer complications compared to conventional techniques. Conclusion: Considering the overall results of our meta‑analysis, we can corroborates the accuracy and safety of AR navigation technology assisted THA.
Abstract: Background: Three-Dimensional (3D) Planning and Augmented reality (AR) navigation technology for various types of surgery has become common practice in the operating room. This study set out to examine the accuracy and safety of AR navigation assisted technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) compared to conventional technique. Methods: Our search...
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Predicative Meaning of Radioiodine Pharmacokinetics Indices for Evaluation of Radioablation Efficacy of Thyroid Residuum in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
56-59
Received:
12 June 2023
Accepted:
6 July 2023
Published:
20 July 2023
Abstract: Background: The radioiodine ablation (RIA) of thyroid residuum in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is an important stage of complex treatment. The aim of RIA is the elimination of potential foci of DTC and creating conditions for monitoring of the patients. Prognosis of the efficacy of RIA is important for further planning of the complex treatment. The aim of the study was to improve a prognosis of RIA of thyroid residual tissue (TRT) in patients with DTC using scintigraphic date about 131I kinetics, that reflect a radioresistance of a thyroid tissue. Material and Methods: The results of RIA of TRT in 62 patients were analyzed. During radioiodine therapy (RIT) the elimination halftime of 131I from TRT in time interval 3–6 days after administration of therapeutic activities was determined, and the focal radiation adsorbed doses (FRAD) in TRT were calculated. Results: It was determined that values Т1/2 ≥ 4.0 days may indicate on the high probability of the incomplete RIA of TRT at FRAD within 50–500 Gy, while values Т1/2 ≤ 1.9 days – on the radiosensitivity of the thyroid tissue and the great probability of the complete RIA. Conclusions: During RIT of DCT the elimination halftime of iodine-131, determined on time interval 3–6 days after the administration of therapeutic activities may be used as one of predicative indices of RIA efficacy. Since the elimination halftime of the radiopharmaceutical reflects the individual natural radiosensitivity of TRT, this approach may be applied in studies of the radioresistance of a normal human tissue.
Abstract: Background: The radioiodine ablation (RIA) of thyroid residuum in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is an important stage of complex treatment. The aim of RIA is the elimination of potential foci of DTC and creating conditions for monitoring of the patients. Prognosis of the efficacy of RIA is important for further planning of the c...
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The Significance of Exon 17 Mutations Within FVIII Gene in Wasit City Patients with Hemophilia A
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
60-65
Received:
20 August 2023
Accepted:
5 September 2023
Published:
18 September 2023
Abstract: Objective: Hemophilia A is an X chromosome-linked disorder caused by different abnormalities in F8 gene, resulting in the absence of impaired molecule production of factor VIII (FVIII) in the plasma, an important protein in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The hereditary testing of the F8 gene encoding FVIII is utilized for confirmation of HA diagnosis, which fundamentally diminished serious confusions of this disease and at last leading to longer duration of life. Aims of study: Exon 17 mutations in the FVIII gene were detected and analyzed in 10 HA Iraqi patients. Patients and Methods: This study included 10 Iraqi patient with hemophilia A and 5 healthy members as control. This work done in medicine & science college laboratories as well as AL Zahra Hospital. These patients' prior diagnoses were based on DNA testing and family history. Results: During the screening for exon 17 among the HA patients, results showed 6 (60%) from 10 patients had this mutations. Discussion: It has been shown that the severity of F8 gene mutations is also correlated with their types and locations. Our data feature and information emphasize the prominence of exon 17 for its association with HA patients' positive family ancestry, and we are continue to operate for other exons mutations. Conclusions: Our findings are advantageous for prenatal diagnosis, carrier detection, and HA diagnosis. Our research also shows that patients with HA suspicion should undergo F8 gene mutation screening because there is an association between mutations and severity in our case studies.
Abstract: Objective: Hemophilia A is an X chromosome-linked disorder caused by different abnormalities in F8 gene, resulting in the absence of impaired molecule production of factor VIII (FVIII) in the plasma, an important protein in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The hereditary testing of the F8 gene encoding FVIII is utilized for confirmation of HA dia...
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